Victorian societies for text publication were learned societies, in the United Kingdom of the nineteenth century, existing principally or having as a main function to produce scholarly editions of old works of historical or literary interest. At the time they were often called "book clubs".
The Society of Antiquaries of London dates from 1707, the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland from 1780. The Roxburghe Club was founded in 1812 by a group of bibliophiles, each of whom undertook to sponsor a publication, The Bannatyne Club was set up to print works of interest for Scottish tradition, literature and history, by Sir Walter Scott, a Roxburghe Club member. It was the precursor to quite a numerous population of similar specialized groups. Some of those were:
These societies often suffered from financial and organizational troubles. Publication typically was funded by subscription, meaning that success was dependent on fund-raising. From the 1850s the official Rolls Series occupied some of the territory of these amateur ventures.
Controversy followed Frederick James Furnivall, a prime mover in many of these ventures. He was involved too in the Philological Society, not strictly a publisher of old texts, but the seed-bed for the New English Dictionary.